Practice by Category & Subject

Readonly properties (PHP 8.1+) can only be initialized once and never modified. Declared with readonly keyword. Entire classes can be readonly (PHP 8.2+) making all properties readonly. Enables immutable objects preventing accidental modifications.

Question 2 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output of the following code?

fastest faster

fastest fastest

faster faster

faster fastest

Explanation:

The strlen() function returns string length in bytes. For multibyte strings (UTF-8), use mb_strlen() instead, which counts characters correctly. Understanding the difference prevents incorrect length calculations with international characters.

Question 3 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the job of the controller as a component in MVC?

The controller handles data passed to it by the view, and also passes data to the view. It interprets data sent by the view and disperses that data to the approrpiate models awaiting results to pass back to the view.

The controller is a mechanism that allows you to create reusable code in languages such as PHP, where multiple inheritance is not supported.

The controller presents content through the user interface, after communicating directly with the database.

The controller handles specific tasks related to a specific area of functionality, handles business logic related to the results, and communicates directly with the database.

Explanation:

Controller in MVC (Model-View-Controller) handles user input, processes requests, orchestrates model and view. Receives user actions (form submissions, clicks), calls appropriate model methods for data operations, selects view to display, passes data to view. Acts as intermediary between model (data/business logic) and view (presentation). Implements application flow control.

Question 4 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is meant by nl2br()?

Inserts HTML line breaks (<BR />) before all newlines in a string.

Inserts HTML line breaks (<P />) before all newlines in a string.

Inserts HTML line breaks (<NL/>) before all newlines in a string.

Inserts HTML line breaks (<HR />) before all newlines in a string.

Explanation:

The instanceof operator checks if object is instance of class or implements interface. Returns boolean. Understanding instanceof enables safe type checking before operations.

Question 5 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the best way to load a file that contains necessary functions and classes?

include($filename);

require($filename);

include_once($filename);

require_once($filename);

Explanation:

The extends keyword creates inheritance relationship, allowing child class to inherit parent's non-private properties and methods. PHP supports single inheritance only. Syntax: class Child extends Parent. Override methods using parent:: to call parent version. Enables code reuse and polymorphism through inheritance hierarchies.

Question 6 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is a key difference between GET and POST?

GET is used with the HTTP protocol. POST is used with HTTPS.

GET displays the submitted data as part of the URL. During POST, this information is not shown, as it's encoded in the request body.

GET is intended for changing the server state and it carries more data than POST.

GET is more secure than POST and should be used for sensitive information.

Explanation:

Key differences: GET appends data to URL (visible, limited size ~2KB), POST sends data in request body (invisible, larger size). GET cached/bookmarked, POST not. GET for retrieval, POST for submission/modification. GET idempotent, POST not necessarily. GET less secure (data in URL/history/logs), POST more secure. Use GET for read, POST for write operations.

Question 7 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the default maximum execution time for a PHP script?

60 secs

20 secs

10 secs

30 secs

Explanation:

The umask() function sets default file permission mask affecting newly created files. Returns previous mask. Important for security ensuring files created with appropriate permissions.

Question 8 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output of this line of code?"; echo is_finite(log(0)) . ""; echo is_finite(2000); ?>

1.1 and 1.1

1 and 1

1.2 or 1.2

1.2 and 1.2

Explanation:

The cal_from_jd() and cal_to_jd() functions convert between Julian Day Count and calendar dates. JD enables date arithmetic across calendars. Useful for astronomical or historical date calculations.

Question 9 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output when the following code is executed? function callFun( &$arg ) { $return = $arg; $arg += 1; return $return; } $a = 3; $b = callFun( $a ); $c = callFun($a); echo $a; echo ' \n '; echo $b; echo ' \n '; echo $c;

1 \n 3 \n 4

3 \n 4 \n 4

5 \n 3 \n 4

4 \n 3 \n 5

Explanation:

Output: 5\n3\n4 (with actual newlines if interpreted). Function passes by reference (&$arg), so modifications affect original. First call: returns 3, $a becomes 4. Second call: returns 4, $a becomes 5. Echo outputs $a (5), $b (3), $c (4) separated by literal \n strings (or newlines if in actual execution).

Question 10 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the precedence between && and "and"?

&& is higher than "and"

"and" is higher than &&

They have the same precedence

Those operators don't exist<br><br>

Explanation:

The mb_strtoupper() function converts multibyte string to uppercase respecting encoding. Unlike strtoupper() which only handles ASCII, mb_strtoupper() works with international characters. mb_strtolower() does reverse.

Question 11 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the correct syntax of mail() function in PHP?

mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers)

mail($from,$to,$subject,$message)

mail($to,$from,$subject,$message)

mail($to,$from,$message,$headers)

Explanation:

The json_encode() function converts PHP values into JSON strings. Options parameter controls encoding behavior: JSON_PRETTY_PRINT for readability, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE for international characters, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK for numeric string conversion. Returns false on error; use json_last_error() for debugging. Critical for APIs and JavaScript communication.

Question 12 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the preferred way to write this if statement, and why?

if( $someVar = 5 )

if( 5 == $someVar ) and if( $someVar == 5 )

(5 == $someVar)

if $someVar == 5

Explanation:

The preferred if statement style uses braces even for single statements and meaningful variable names. For example, if ($userIsActive) { processUser(); } is better than if ($a) processUser();. This prevents errors when adding statements later, improves readability, and follows PSR standards. Always use braces and descriptive variables for maintainability.

Question 13 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the meaning of the system message, "Allowed memory size of bytes exhausted"?

The available RAM memory is exhausted.

The available disk memory is exhausted.

This occurs randomly due to parsing errors.

The maximum memory allocated in php.ini is exhausted.

Explanation:

The __get() magic method intercepts property access to undefined or inaccessible properties. Syntax: public function __get($name). Enables dynamic property access, lazy loading, or property virtualization. Pair with __set() for write access. Useful for property overloading and computed properties.

Question 14 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output of this : $a = true; var_dump($a);

true => bool

bool true

true (bool)

bool (true)

Explanation:

The next() function advances internal array pointer to next element and returns its value. Returns false when reaching end. Part of array traversal functions. Useful for manual iteration when foreach isn't suitable or when needing pointer control.

Question 15 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is a large binary data object called in PHP?

lib

blob

bin

blurb

Explanation:

The usort() function sorts array using user-defined comparison callback. The callback should return -1, 0, or 1. It enables custom sorting logic beyond simple value comparison.

Question 16 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

When it comes to the value of a variable, what is the difference between NULL and empty?

NULL is a blank value; empty is the lack of a value.

A NULL value has an allocated address in memory; empty does not.

NULL referes to the lack of a value for an integer; empty refers to the lack of a value for a string.

NULL is the lack of a value; empty is a blank value.

Explanation:

NULL is absence of value, variable exists but has no value. Unset variables are NULL. is_null() tests for NULL. Empty is broader concept: empty string '', 0, '0', false, null, empty array [] all considered empty. empty() function returns true for NULL plus other falsy values. NULL is specific type, empty is state.

Question 17 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is empty () ?

A function

A language construct

A variable

A reference

Explanation:

The iconv() function converts string between character encodings. More widely available than mb_convert_encoding(). Syntax: iconv($from, $to, $string). Adding '//TRANSLIT' or '//IGNORE' to $to parameter controls invalid character handling.

Question 18 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

$var = (10 % 2 == 0) ? true:false; What is the output of $var?

false

true

Explanation:

The file_put_contents() function writes string to file, creating or overwriting it. FILE_APPEND flag appends instead. Understanding file writing enables data persistence.

Question 19 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the default extension for PHP files

.php

.exe

.phpx

.html

Explanation:

The array_reduce() function reduces array to single value by iteratively applying callback. Callback receives carry value and current element, returning new carry. Syntax: array_reduce($array, $callback, $initial). Perfect for summing, concatenating, or aggregating array values into single result through functional programming approach.

Question 20 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

When user clicks on Logout link, the user is redirected to logout.php file and the file has following code? What is wrong with the following code?

session_destory() should be called prior to session_unset().

The first line of the file should be session_start() so that session_destroy() will destroy the active session.

PHP will throw a fatal error since the required SESSIONID parameter is not passed in the session_destroy() method.

There is nothing wrong with the code and session will be destroyed and user will be redirected to index.php page.

Explanation:

Missing: no session_start() before session functions. Add session_start() at beginning. Headers already sent if any output before header(). Proper sequence matters.

Question 21 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the end tag in PHP

GET

echo

<?php

Explanation:

The nl_langinfo() function returns locale-specific information for various categories. More detailed than localeconv() for cultural conventions. Platform-specific. Useful for internationalization.

Question 22 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output of the following code? 3, y => 2, z => 5);$b = array (x => 9, y => 3, z => -7);vec_add (&$a, $b);print_r ($a);?>

Array ( [x] => 9 [y] => 3 [z] => -7 )

Array ( [x] => 3 [y] => 2 [z] => 5 )

Array ( [x] => 12 [y] => 5 [z] => -2 )

Error

Explanation:

The bindColumn() method binds result column to variable. Each fetch() updates bound variables. Syntax: $stmt->bindColumn(1, $var). Useful for processing results without array access, but fetch() with FETCH_ASSOC is more common.

Question 23 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the correct way to join strings in php? $str = "abcdef" + "ghi"; $str = "abcdef" . "ghi"; $str = join("abcdef","ghi"); $str = "abcdef" plus "ghi"

$str = "abcdef" plus "ghi"

$str = "abcdef" . "ghi";

$str = "abcdef" + "ghi";

$str = join("abcdef","ghi");

Explanation:

The correct way to join strings in PHP is using the dot (.) operator: $str = 'abcdef' . 'ghi';. The plus (+) operator is for arithmetic addition, not string concatenation. Using + with strings attempts numeric conversion. The .= operator appends to existing strings. Proper concatenation prevents errors and unexpected results.

Question 24 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output of the following code? $a = "clue"; $a .= "get"; echo "$a";

get

clue

clueget

Explanation:

The http_build_query() function builds URL-encoded query string from associative array. Handles encoding automatically. Useful for constructing URLs programmatically or preparing API requests with parameters.

Question 25 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the Object oriented style of associative array?

$row = $result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_BOTH); printf ("%s (%s)\n", $row[0], $row["CountryCode"]);

$row = $result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_ASSOC); printf ("%s (%s)\n", $row["Name"], $row["CountryCode"]);

$row = $result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_BOTH); printf ("%s (%s)\n", .row[1], $row["CountryCode"]);

$row = $result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_NUM); printf ("%s (%s)\n", $row[0], $row[1]);

Explanation:

Object-oriented associative array style: $result->fetch_assoc() for mysqli returns associative array with column names as keys. $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) for PDO. Access via column names: $row['column_name']. OOP syntax uses arrow operator on result object. Returns one row per fetch call.

Question 26 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the procedural style of associative array?

$row = mysqli_fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_NUM); printf (“%s (%s)/n”, $row[0], $row[1],);

$row = mysqli_fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_BOTH); printf (“%s (%s)/n”, $row[0], $row[“CountryCode”],);

$row = mysqli_fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_ASSOC); printf (“%s (%s)/n”, $row[“Name”], $row[“CountryCode”],);

$row = mysqli_fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_ASSOC); printf (“%s (%s)/n”, $row[“Name”], $row[0],);

Explanation:

Procedural associative array style: mysqli_fetch_assoc($result) returns associative array with column names as keys. Access: $row['column_name']. Procedural functions take result resource as parameter. Alternative: mysqli_fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_ASSOC). Returns one row per call, NULL when no more rows.

Question 27 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is input sanitization?

Removing or cleaning potentially malicious user input.

All of these

Converting input into a format that PHP supports.

The automatic process that creates the $_GET, and $_POST superglobals.

Explanation:

The SplDoublyLinkedList class implements doubly-linked list with stack and queue operations. SplStack and SplQueue extend it. Useful for implementing specific data structures.

Question 28 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the answer of this $a = 'b'; $b = 1; echo '$${a}';

$${a}

none of this

Explanation:

The var_dump() function displays detailed information about variables including type, length, and nested structure. Unlike print_r(), shows types explicitly. Essential debugging tool for understanding variable content and structure. Output not meant for production display.

Question 29 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output of the following code? $sentence = "ThiS iS a SenTEnCe"; echo ucwords($sentence);

This Is A Sentence

THIS IS A SENTENCE

this is a sentence

ThiS IS A SenTEnCe

Explanation:

ucwords('ThiS iS a SenTEnCe') outputs 'ThiS IS A SenTEnCe'. Capitalizes first letter of each word, preserves rest. Word-level capitalization.

Question 30 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the correct way to read the result of a variable dump into a string?

$string = explode($variable);

$string = print_r($variable);

$string = serialize($variable);

$string = var_dump($variable);

Explanation:

Use output buffering: ob_start(); var_dump($var); $dump = ob_get_clean(); Captures var_dump output into string variable. Useful for logging or processing.

Question 31 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

The php not operator is !. Given the snippet, is there an out put and what is it?

There is an output '2 is an even number

Output '21 is an odd number'

No output. Syntax error do to missing semicolon at the end

No output due to % in $num%2!=0

Explanation:

Without seeing the snippet, cannot determine output. The ! (NOT) operator inverts boolean: !true becomes false, !false becomes true. !(expression) negates result. Applied to non-boolean values: converts to boolean first then inverts. Example: !0 is true, !5 is false. Understanding negation essential for conditional logic.

Question 32 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the correct way to call an anonymous function?

$func($var);

anonymous($var);

callback($functionName, $var);

call_function($var);

Explanation:

The gc_collect_cycles() function forces garbage collection cycle. PHP automatically garbage collects circular references but manual collection can free memory immediately. gc_enabled() checks if garbage collector enabled.

Question 33 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

Variable $a has not been declared. With error reporting turned off, what is the result of: $a[1][2]=3;?

Syntax error

A multi-level array structure is created with 3 as a value.

Error: Undeclared variable $a

Error: Uninitialized array $a[1]

Explanation:

The class_uses() function returns array of traits used by class. Includes traits used by parent classes and traits. Useful for checking trait composition.

Question 34 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is $_REQUEST?

Contains a reference for all variables, global or otherwise, in the script.

Includes all variables submitted through HTTP POST, such as an HTML form with action="post".

Includes all variables provided by $_GET, $_POST, and $_COOKIE.

A collection of variables about the server environment.

Explanation:

$_REQUEST is superglobal combining $_GET, $_POST, and $_COOKIE arrays. Contains data from all three sources. Order controlled by variables_order directive. Security concern: unclear data source. Better practice: use specific superglobals ($_GET, $_POST) for clarity and security. Avoid $_REQUEST when possible to know exact data origin.

Question 35 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the difference between public, protected and private in a class definition?

Public makes a class member available to "everyone", protected makes the class member available to only itself and derived classes, private makes the class member only available to the class itself.

Public and static works only for methods, protected and private - only for class properties.

Wrong list, should be public, available for everyone, and private, available only inside a class.

Public can be accessed by its name, protected - only with using $this, and private can't be accessed from outside the class.

Explanation:

Public members are accessible everywhere, protected members only within the class and its subclasses, private members only within the defining class itself. Public enables external access, protected enables inheritance while hiding from outside, private ensures encapsulation. Proper visibility controls access, enforces encapsulation, and prevents unintended modifications.

Question 36 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the result of casting the integer 1 to an array: (array) 1

A numerically indexed array with one element who's value is 1

An associative array with a key of 1 and a value of 1

Casting an integer to an array has no effect

An associative array with a key of 1 and a value of NULL

Explanation:

The SplObjectStorage class implements object set or object-to-data map. Objects are keys, can store associated data. Useful for tracking objects or implementing observer pattern.

Question 37 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the purpose of this function? headers_sent()

Send the HTTP headers

Checks if / where the HTTP headers have been sent

Checks where the HTTP headers have been sent

Checks if the HTTP headers have been sent

Explanation:

The compact() function creates associative array from variable names and their values. Variable names are strings that become keys. Syntax: compact('var1', 'var2'). Useful for passing multiple variables to views, templates, or functions as single array. Opposite operation is extract().

Question 38 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the syntax to compare two values?

$a == $b

$a :: $b

$a = $b

$a : $b

Explanation:

The array_combine() function creates array using one array for keys and another for values. Arrays must have equal length. If duplicate values in keys array, later overwrites. Useful for pairing separate key and value lists into associative array.

Question 39 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the functions unlink?

Unlink is a function for file system handling which deletes a file.

Unlink is a function for file system handling which changes permission of a file.

Unlink is a function for file system handling which deletes a folder.

Unlink is a function for file system handling which deletes a image.

Explanation:

The htmlspecialchars() function converts special characters to HTML entities preventing XSS attacks. Always use when outputting user data to HTML. Converts <, >, &, ', " by default. Critical security function for web applications.

Question 40 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

$message vs. $$message . what is the difference

Both are same

Not valid

$message is a variable with a fixed name. $$message is a variable whose name is stored in $message.

Show error

Explanation:

The printf() and vprintf() functions output formatted strings directly instead of returning. printf() uses variable arguments, vprintf() uses array. Useful for formatted output without intermediate variables.

Question 41 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the result of the following code?

Array

Explanation:

The array_unique() function removes duplicate values from array. It uses value comparison, preserving first occurrence. Understanding uniqueness checking enables eliminating redundant array elements.

Question 42 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output of the following PHP code snippet?

This is a testing module

This is a $var

The code will not work, and will give syntax error.

Explanation:

The preg_match() function performs regular expression matching, returning 1 if pattern matches, 0 if not, or false on error. Syntax: preg_match($pattern, $subject, $matches). The $matches array captures matched groups. For global matching, use preg_match_all(). Essential for complex pattern matching, validation, and text extraction.

Question 43 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the output when the following code is executed? $alpha = array('A' => 'AA', 'Bud' => 'BB','C' => 'D'); $food = array('tea', 'drink', 'pizza', 'juice'); printf(foods var export food true)

Alpha: array ( 'A' => AA, 'Bud' => BB, 'C' => D, ) Food: array ( 0 => tea, 1 => drink, 2 => pizza, 3 => juice, )

Alpha: ( 'A' => 'AA', 'Bud' => 'BB', 'C' => 'D', ) Food: ( 0 => 'tea', 1 => 'drink', 2 => 'pizza', 3 => 'juice', )

Alpha: array ( 'A' => 'AA', 'Bud' => 'BB', 'C' => 'D', ) Food: array ( 0 => 'tea', 1 => 'drink', 2 => 'pizza', 3 => 'juice', )

Alpha: array ( 'A' => 'AA' 'Bud' => 'BB' 'C' => 'D' ) Food: array ( 0 => 'tea' 1 => 'drink' 2 => 'pizza' 3 => 'juice' )

Explanation:

Code contains syntax error: 'printf(foods var export food true)' is invalid PHP syntax. Should be: var_export($food, true) or printf with proper format. Cannot determine output due to syntax error. Correct syntax might be: print_r($food) or var_export($food, true) or echo var_export($food, true). Tests recognition of invalid PHP syntax.

Question 44 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

Given, the following:What is the output?

retail computer computer

retail advertising computer

retail retail retail

retail retail computer

Explanation:

The try-catch block handles exceptions. Code in try block executes, and if exception thrown, matching catch block handles it. finally block executes regardless. Understanding exception handling enables robust error management.

Question 45 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the value of $start after exiting the for loop?

Explanation:

The array_reduce() function iteratively reduces array to single value using callback. The callback receives accumulator and current value. Syntax: array_reduce($array, $callback, $initial). It's perfect for summing, multiplying, or aggregating array values functionally.

Question 46 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the associativity of +=?

left

right

it is non-associative

Explanation:

The abs() function returns absolute value of number (removes sign). Works with integers and floats. Returns same type as input. Simple but essential for distance calculations, magnitude comparisons, or ensuring positive values.

Question 47 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the best way to change the key without changing the value of a PHP arrayelement?

$arr[$newkey] = $oldkey; unset($arr[$oldkey]);

$arr[$newkey] = $arr[$oldkey]; unset($arr[$oldkey]);

$newkey = $arr[$oldkey]; unset($arr[$oldkey]);

$arr[$newkey] = $oldkey.GetValue(); unset($arr[$oldkey]);

Explanation:

The header() function sends raw HTTP headers to browser. Must be called before any output (whitespace, HTML, echo). Common uses: header('Location: page.php') for redirects, header('Content-Type: application/json') for API responses. Headers control caching, authentication, CORS, and content types. Understanding HTTP headers is crucial for web development.

Question 48 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is returned by array_product( array( 2, 3) )?

array( array( 2 ) )

Explanation:

The $_COOKIE superglobal accesses cookie values sent by client. Cookies are user-controlled so always validate and sanitize. Never trust cookie data for security decisions. Use signed cookies or server-side sessions for sensitive data.

Question 49 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

Which of the following code syntax is True about declaring a class definition?

class Myclassname [ extends baseclass ] { [ var $property [ = value ]; ... ] [ function functionname (args) { // code } ... ] }

class Myclassname ( extends baseclass ) { var $property = value ; ... [ function functionname (args) { // code } ... ] }

class Myclassname { (extends baseclass ) { var $property ( = value ); ... function functionname (args) { // code } ... ] }

class Myclassname [ extends baseclass ] { var $property = value ; ... ] } function functionname (args) { // code )} ... ] }

Explanation:

Access static properties/methods: ClassName::$property or ClassName::method(). Within class, use self::$property or static::$property (late static binding). Example: Utilis::$numstudent or self::$numstudent inside class. Static members belong to class, not instances. No $this in static context. Use :: (scope resolution operator) for access.

Question 50 Easy Mcq

✓ Correct ✗ Incorrect

What is the correct PHP command to use to catch anyerror messages within the code?

set_error(‘set_error’);

set_error_handler(‘error_handler’);

set_handler(‘set_handler’);

set_exception(‘set_exception’);

Explanation:

The explode() function splits strings into arrays based on delimiter. Syntax: explode($delimiter, $string, $limit). Limit parameter controls maximum array elements. Example: explode(',', 'a,b,c') returns ['a','b','c']. Opposite of implode(). Essential for parsing CSV, splitting sentences, or processing delimited data.

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